Colorists often ask if the red dyestuff in a light color is the same as the red dyestuff in a darker color. The answer is no. There are many reds, browns, coppers or golden dyestuff-combinations that appear in different shades.
The development of an oxidative hair color is very complex. The chemist has to choose from several couplers and precursors to develop a new shade. The mixture of a precursor with different couplers leads to various results. Each precursor/coupler combination has its own specific shading. There are several combinations in one single shade.
Learn more about Color Theory here.