LIGHT REFRACTION

Light contains rays known as wave lengths that are visible
only through a prism. A prism distributes white light into the colors 
of red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.

LIGHT REFLECTION

When light hits a surface it is either reflected or absorbed depending
on the color. White surfaces reflect the entire spectrum of colored light 
while black surfaces reflect nothing, and instead absorb light.

Light is partially reflected and partially absorbed when it
falls on a colored object. This unabsorbed or reflected light is
 perceived by the eye and brain as the color of the object.

SHINE

Shine is the brightness, or brilliance, reflected off of a surface.
The smoother and more even the surface, the more intense the shine.
Example: An old car with faded paint is dull while a car with new paint shines.

A smooth surface can also reflect light directionally
whereas a rough surface deflects it.

COLOR WHEEL

PRIMARY COLORS

The color wheel is the centre of the color sphere. It is the principle
on which all color theory is based and includes primary, secondary
and tertiary colors.

Primary colors are the fundamental or basic colors that can’t be
produced by mixing: yellow, red and blue (also known as Cyan-Blue, 
Yellow and Magenta-Red). These colors can be mixed to produce 
every other color found in nature, or secondary colors.

COLOR WHEEL

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY COLORS

Secondary colors can be found in-between primary colors on the color wheel
and are made by mixing two primary colors in equal proportions.

Secondary colors are orange, violet and green.

COLOR WHEEL

PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND TERTIARY COLORS

Tertiary colors are created by combining equal portions 
of a primary color with its neighbouring secondary color.

Tertiary colors are red-orange, yellow-green, blue-green,
blueviolet, red-violet.

BISECTED COLOR SPHERE

The color wheel is a part of the color sphere

COLOR SPHERE WITH DARK AND LIGHT POLE

In addition to mixing primary and secondary colors, the color sphere also shows dark colors. All colors and all graduations between black and white can be found on the surface as well as inside the sphere. This is what allows us to clarify the relationships between colors.